Ara s-sors ta' George Sand

{{grammatika}}
{{wikifikazzjoni}}
{{Infobox Kittieb
| stampa = George Sand by Nadar, 1864.jpg
| imagesize   = 199px
| deskrizzjoni = George Sand fl-età ta' 60 sena
| datatwelid = {{data tat-twelid|1804|07|01|df=yes}}
| posttwelid = [[Pariġi]], [[Franza]]
| datamewt = {{data tal-mewt u età|1876|06|08|1804|07|01|df=y}}
| postmewt = [[Nohant-Vic]], [[Franza]]
| okkupazzjoni = [[Rumanziera]], [[memoirista]]
| nazzjonalità = [[Franza|Franċiża]]
| ġeneru = [[Rumanz]], [[Drammi]]
| moviment = 
}}
'''Amantine-Lucile-Aurore Dupin'''<ref>L-ewwel isem kultant jinkiteb "Amandine".</ref> (1 ta' Lulju 1804&nbsp;– 8 ta' Ġunju 1876), magħrufa l-aktar bil-psewdonimu '''George Sand''' <ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/george+sand "Sand"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref>, kienet rumanziera u drammaturga Franċiża. Hi magħrufa wkoll għar-relazzjonijiet romantiċi li kellha ma' għadd ta' artisti, fosthom [[Frédéric Chopin]] u [[Alfred de Musset]].

==Bijografija==
[[Stampa:Casimir Dudevant.jpeg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Casimir Dudevant]], Żewġ Sand fl-1860ijiet]]
<includeonly>
Sand wrote: "My name is not Marie-Aurore de Saxe, Marquise of Dudevant, as several of my biographers have asserted, but Amantine-Lucile-Aurore Dupin, and my husband, M. François Dudevant, claims no title: the highest rank he ever reached was that of infantry second lieutenant."<ref>''My Life by George Sand'', translated from the French and adapted by Dan Hofstadter, Harper & Row, 1979.</ref>

Always known simply as "Aurore"<ref>[[Belinda Jack]], ''George Sand'', [http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/j/jack-sand.html "Introduction"].</ref> she was born in Paris, but raised for much of her childhood by her grandmother, Marie-Aurore de Saxe, Madame Dupin de Francueil, at her grandmother's estate, [[Nohant]], in the French province of [[Berry (province)|Berry]] (see [[House of George Sand]]). Sand later used the setting in many of her novels. It has been said{{fix|text=by whom?}} that her upbringing was quite liberal. Her father, Maurice Dupin, was the grandson of the Marshal General of France, [[Maurice de Saxe|Maurice, Comte de Saxe]], and an illegitimate son of [[Augustus II the Strong]], King of Poland and a Saxon elector, and a [[cousin]] to the sixth degree to the kings of France [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]], [[Louis XVIII of France|Louis XVIII]] and [[Charles X of France|Charles X]].<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.cbx41.com/ext/http://www.cbx41.com/photo-1326389-Mus-e-de-la-Vie-romantique_6164_jpg.html | publisher = CBX41 | title = Musée de la Vie Romantique | place = Paris | type = family tree}}.</ref> Sand's mother, Sophie-Victoire Delaborde, was a commoner.

In 1822, at the age of eighteen, Sand married [[Casimir Dudevant]] (1795–1871; first name "François"), illegitimate son of Baron Jean-François Dudevant. She and Dudevant had two children: [[Maurice Sand|Maurice]] (1823–1889) and Solange (1828–1899). In early 1831, she left her husband and entered upon a four- or five-year period of "romantic rebellion." In 1835, she was legally separated from Dudevant and took her children with her.

Sand conducted affairs of varying duration with [[Jules Sandeau]] (1831), [[Prosper Mérimée]], [[Alfred de Musset]] (summer 1833&nbsp;– March 1835), Louis-Chrysostome Michel, Pierre-François Bocage, [[Félicien Mallefille]], [[Louis Blanc]], and [[Frédéric Chopin]] (1837–1847).{{Sfn | Szulc | 1998 | pp = 160, 165, 194–95}}  Later in life, she corresponded with [[Gustave Flaubert]].  Despite their obvious differences in temperament and aesthetic preference, they eventually became close friends. She engaged in an intimate friendship with actress [[Marie Dorval]], which led to widespread but unconfirmed rumours of a lesbian affair.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780679779186&view=excerpt | title = George Sand | first = Belinda | last = Jack | publisher = Random House}}.</ref> Letters written by Sand to Dorval made such references as "wanting you either in your dressing room or in your bed."

[[Image:Die junge George Sand.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Portrait of George Sand at 34, by Auguste Charpentier, 1838, [[Musée de la Vie romantique]], [[Paris]]]]

In [[Majorca]] one can still visit the (then-abandoned) [[Carthusian]] monastery of [[Valldemossa]], where she spent the winter of 1838–1839 with Chopin and her children.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.valldemossa.com/museoin.htm | title = Museoin | publisher = Valldemossa}}.</ref> This trip to Majorca was described by her in ''[[:fr:Un hiver à Majorque|Un hiver à Majorque]]'' (''A Winter in Majorca''), first published in 1841.<ref>Travers, Martin (ed.), [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fZFitE0jpv4C&pg=PA97&dq=%22a+winter+in+majorca%22+sand&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-fLLUqDLBrLg7Qaf9YGoBg&ved=0CGgQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=%22a%20winter%20in%20majorca%22%20sand&f=false ''European Literature from Romanticism to Postmodernism: A Reader in Aesthetic Practice''], Continuum publishing, 2006, p. 97, ISBN 9780826439604</ref> Chopin [[Chopin's disease|was already ill]] with incipient tuberculosis (or, as has recently been suggested, [[cystic fibrosis]])<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pruszewicz|first1=Marek|title=The mystery of Chopin's death|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29915863|website=[[BBC]]|date=22 December 2014|accessdate=20 January 2015}}</ref> at the beginning of their relationship, and spending a winter in Majorca—where Sand and Chopin did not realize that winter was a time of rain and cold, and where they could not get proper lodgings—exacerbated his symptoms. They separated two years before his death for a variety of reasons (some of which are explained below).

In  her novel ''Lucrezia Floriani'', Sand used Chopin as a model for a sickly Eastern European prince named Karol. He is cared for by a middle-aged actress past her prime, Lucrezia, who suffers a great deal through her affection for Karol.{{Sfn | Szulc | 1998 | p = 326}}  Though Sand claimed not to have made a cartoon out of Chopin, the book's publication and widespread readership may have exacerbated their antipathy to each other.  However, the tipping point in their relationship involved her daughter Solange.

[[File:George Sand en Madeleine par Louis Boulanger.jpg|thumb|Sand depicted as [[Mary Magdalene]] in a sketch by French artist [[Louis Boulanger]]]]

Chopin continued to be cordial to Solange after she and her husband, [[Auguste Clésinger]], had a vicious falling out with Sand over money.  Sand took Chopin's support of Solange as outright treachery and confirmation that Chopin had always "loved" Solange.{{Sfn |From the correspondence of Sand and Chopin: Szulc | 1998 | p = 344}}  Sand's son Maurice also disliked Chopin. Maurice wanted to establish himself as the "man of the estate" and did not wish to have Chopin as a rival for that role. Chopin was never asked back to Nohant.  In 1848, he returned to Paris from a tour of the United Kingdom, to die at the [[Place Vendôme]] in the following year.  Chopin was penniless at that time; his friends had to pay for his stay there, as well as his funeral at the Madeleine.  The funeral was attended by over 3,000 people, including [[Eugène Delacroix]], [[Franz Liszt]], [[Victor Hugo]] and other famous people. George Sand, however, was notable by her absence.

Sand was also known for her implication and writings during the [[Paris Commune]], where she took a position for the Versailles assembly against the "[[communards]]", urging them to take violent action against the "rebels".<ref>{{Citation | first = Henri | last = Guillemin | url = http://www.tsr.ch/video/archives/50/1619338-les-dossiers-de-l-histoire-henri-guillemin-presente-la-commune-de-paris.html#/emissions/archives/50/1619338-les-dossiers-de-l-histoire-henri-guillemin-presente-la-commune-de-paris.html | publisher = TSR | place = [[Suisse|CH]] | title = Les Dossiers de l'Histoire | contribution = La Commune de Paris}}</ref>

==Writing ==
A liaison with the writer [[Jules Sandeau]] heralded her literary debut.  They published a few stories in collaboration, signing them "Jules Sand".  Her first published novel, ''Rose et Blanche'' (1831), was written in collaboration with Sandeau. She subsequently adopted, for her first independent novel, ''Indiana'' (1832), the pen name that made her famous&nbsp;– George Sand.{{Sfn | Bédé | 1986 | p = 218}}

Drawing from her childhood experiences of the countryside, she wrote the pastoral novels  ''[[La Mare au Diable]]'' (1846), ''François le Champi'' (1847–1848), ''[[La Petite Fadette]]'' (1849), and ''Les Beaux Messieurs Bois-Doré'' (1857).<ref>{{cite book|last=Kristeva|first=Julia|authorlink=Julia Kristeva|title=Proust and the Sense of Time|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tdXxSnKwOXwC&pg=PA35|year=1993|publisher=Columbia UP|isbn=9780231084789|page=35}}</ref> ''[[A Winter in Majorca]]'' described the period that she and Chopin spent on that island from 1838 to 1839. Her other novels include ''[[Indiana (novel)|Indiana]]'' (1832), ''Lélia'' (1833), ''[[Mauprat]]'' (1837), ''Le Compagnon du Tour de France'' (1840), ''[[Consuelo (novel)|Consuelo]]'' (1842–1843), and ''Le Meunier d'Angibault'' (1845).  Theatre pieces and autobiographical pieces include ''Histoire de ma vie'' (1855), ''Elle et Lui'' (1859, about her affair with Musset), ''Journal Intime'' (posthumously published in 1926), and ''Correspondence''. Sand often performed her theatrical works in her small private theatre at the Nohant estate.

In addition, Sand authored literary criticism and political texts. She wrote many essays and published works establishing her socialist position. Because of her early life, she sided with the poor and working class. When the [[French Revolution of 1848|1848 Revolution]] began, Sand started her own newspaper, which was published in a workers' co-operative.{{Sfn | Paintault | Cerf | 2004}}  This allowed her to publish more political essays. She wrote: "I cannot believe in any republic that starts a revolution by killing its own proletariat."

[[Image:Eugène Ferdinand Victor Delacroix 041.jpg|thumb|Sand sewing, by [[Portrait of Frédéric Chopin and George Sand|Delacroix]], 1838]]

She was known well in far reaches of the world, and her social practices, her writings and her beliefs prompted much commentary, often by other luminaries in the world of arts and letters. A few excerpts demonstrate much of what was often said about George Sand:

{{quote|She was a thinking bosom and one who overpowered her young lovers, all [[Sibyl|Sybil]]—a [[Romanticism|Romantic]].|[[V. S. Pritchett]]}}
{{quote|What a brave man she was, and what a good woman.|[[Ivan Turgenev]]}}
{{quote|The most womanly woman.|[[Alfred de Musset]]}}

The most widely used quote of her own is: ''"There is only one happiness in life, to love and be loved."''

==Death==
George Sand died at [[Nohant]], near [[Châteauroux]], in France's [[Indre]] ''[[departments of France|département]]'' on 8 June 1876, at the age of 71 and was buried in the grounds of her home there. In 2003, plans that her remains be moved to the [[Panthéon]] in Paris resulted in controversy.<ref>{{cite news
|title=Will George Sand Join the Immortals in the Pantheon?
|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB1043894595789807544
|publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]]
|date=30 January 2003
|accessdate=17 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|title=Ashes to ashes, Sand to sand
|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/sep/13/featuresreviews.guardianreview16
|publisher=[[The Guardian]]
|date=13 September 2003
|accessdate=17 October 2014}}</ref>

==Contemporary views==
Sand's reputation came into question when she began sporting men's clothing in public, which she justified by the clothes being far sturdier and less expensive than the typical dress of a noblewoman at the time. In addition to being comfortable, Sand's male dress enabled her to circulate more freely in Paris than most of her female contemporaries, and gave her increased access to venues from which women were often barred, even women of her social standing.  Also scandalous was Sand's smoking tobacco in public; neither peerage nor gentry had yet sanctioned the free indulgence of women in such a habit, especially in public (though [[Franz Liszt]]'s paramour [[Marie d'Agoult]] affected this as well, smoking large cigars).

These and other behaviors were exceptional for a woman of the early and mid-19th century, when social codes—especially in the upper classes—were of the utmost importance.  As a consequence of many unorthodox aspects of her lifestyle, Sand was obliged to relinquish some of the privileges appertaining to a baroness, though the mores of the period did permit upper-class wives to live physically separate from their husbands, without losing face, provided the estranged couple exhibited no blatant irregularity to the outside world.

Poet [[Charles Baudelaire]] was a contemporary critic of George Sand: "She is stupid, heavy and garrulous.  Her ideas on morals have the same depth of judgment and delicacy of feeling as those of janitresses and kept women&nbsp;...  The fact that there are men who could become enamoured of this slut is indeed a proof of the abasement of the men of this generation."<ref name = Baudelaire>{{cite book |last= Baudelaire |first= Charles | editor-first = Peter | editor-last = Quennell |author2= |title= My Heart Laid Bare | publisher = Haskell House | year= 1975 | page= 184 | isbn= 0-8383-1870-3|others= Trans. Norman Cameron }}</ref> Other writers of the period, however, differed in their assessment. [[Flaubert]], by no means an indulgent or forbearing critic, was an unabashed admirer.  [[Honoré de Balzac]], who knew Sand personally, once said that if someone thought George Sand wrote badly, it was because their own standards of criticism were inadequate. He also noted that her treatment of imagery in her works showed that her writing had an exceptional subtlety, having the ability to 'virtually put the image in the word'.<ref>{{Citation | last = Pasco | first = Allan H | chapter = George Sand | page = 161 | language = French | title = Nouvelles Françaises du Dix-Neuviéme Siécle: Anthologie | year = 2006 | publisher = Rookwood Press}}.</ref>

==In literature==
Frequent literary references to George Sand can be found in ''[[Possession: A Romance|Possession]]'' (1990) by [[A. S. Byatt]].  The American poet [[Walt Whitman]] cited Sand's novel ''Consuelo'' as a personal favorite, and the sequel to this novel, ''La Comtesse de Rudolstadt'', contains at least a couple of passages that appear to have had a very direct influence on him.  [[Elizabeth Barrett Browning]] (1806–61), the English poet, produced two poems: "To George Sand: A Desire" and "To George Sand: A Recognition". The character of Stepan Verkhovensky in [[Fyodor Dostoevsky]]'s novel ''[[The Possessed (novel)|The Possessed]]'' took to translating the works of George Sand in his periodical, before the periodical was subsequently seized by the ever-cautious Russian government of the 1840s. (Dostoevsky himself "read widely in the numerous novels of George Sand" and translated her ''La dernière Aldini'' in 1844 but "discovered to his dismay that the work had already appeared in Russian".<ref>Joseph Frank, ''Dostoevsky: A Writer in His Time''. Princeton University Press, 2009, p. 71; ISBN 1400833418.</ref>) Sand is also referred to in [[Virginia Woolf]]'s book-length essay ''[[A Room of One's Own]]'' along with George Eliot and Currer Bell as "all victims of inner strife as their writings prove, sought ineffectively to veil themselves by using the name of a man".<ref>Virginia Woolf, ''A Room of One's Own'', Penguin Books, 1929, p. 52; ISBN 9780141183534.</ref>

George Sand is referenced a number of times in the play ''Voyage'', the first part of [[Tom Stoppard]]'s ''The Coast of Utopia'' trilogy. And in the first episode of the "Overture" to ''Swann's Way''&nbsp;– the first novel in [[Marcel Proust]]'s ''[[In Search of Lost Time]]'' sequence&nbsp;– a young, distraught Marcel is calmed by his mother as she reads from ''François le Champi'', a novel which (it is explained) was part of a gift from his grandmother, which also included ''La Mare au Diable'', ''La Petite Fadette'', and ''Les Maîtres Sonneurs''. As with many episodes involving art in ''À la recherche du temps perdu'', this reminiscence includes commentary on the work. George Sand also makes an appearance in [[Isabel Allende]]'s ''[[Zorro (novel)|Zorro]]'', going still by her given name, as a young girl in love with Diego de la Vega, ''i.e.'', Zorro.

== In music, film and television ==
* ''[[A Song to Remember]]'' (1945), directed by [[Charles Vidor]], starring [[Merle Oberon]] as George Sand and [[Cornel Wilde]] as Chopin.
* ''[[Song Without End]]'' (1960), also directed by Vidor (who died during production and direction was assumed by [[George Cukor]]), in which [[Dirk Bogarde]] starred as [[Franz Liszt]]; [[Patricia Morison]] played a cameo role as George Sand
* ''[[Notorious Woman]]'' (1974), a seven-part [[BBC]] miniseries starring [[Rosemary Harris]] as George Sand and [[George Chakiris]] as Chopin.
* In 1976, the band [[Ambrosia (band)|Ambrosia]] recorded the song "Danse With Me, George (Chopin's Plea)", based on Sand and Chopin's romance. It appeared on their album, ''Somewhere I've Never Travelled''.
* ''[[Impromptu (1991 film)|Impromptu]]'' (1991), starring [[Judy Davis]] as George Sand and [[Hugh Grant]] as Chopin.
* ''[[Les Enfants du siècle]]'' (1999), starring [[Juliette Binoche]] as George Sand and [[Benoît Magimel]] as [[Alfred de Musset]]
* ''[[Chopin: Desire for Love|Chopin]]'' (2002), directed by [[Jerzy Antczak]] starring [[Danuta Stenka]] as George Sand and [[Piotr Adamczyk]] as Chopin.
* ''Sand... George en mal d'Aurore'' (2003), TV, directed by Françoise-Renée Jamet and Laurent Marocco, with the voice of [[Lambert Wilson]]
* A song from Cole Porter's 1933 London show, ''Nymph Errant'' was entitled "Georgia Sand" in reference to Sand.
* The lyrics of Porter's song "The Leader of a Big Time Band" from [[Something for the Boys]] also have a risque reference to "Georgia Sand" and her affair with Chopin.
* [[La Petite Fadette (movies, 2004)|La Petite Fadette]] (2004), movies from the [[La Petite Fadette|novel]], directed by [[Michaëla Watteaux]], starring [[Richard Bohringer]] as father Barbeau, [[Jérémie Renier]] as Landry and [[Mélanie Bernier]] as Fadette.
* In 2007, [[Céline Dion]] recorded the song "Lettre de George Sand à Alfred de Musset". It is included on her French-language album ''[[D'Elles]]''.

==Works==
{{refbegin|3}}
*''Voyage en Auvergne'' (autobiographical sketch, 1827)
*''[[A Winter in Majorca|Un hiver à Majorque]]'' (1842)
*''La Petite Fadette'' (1848)
*''Château des Désertes'' (1850)
*''Histoire de ma vie'' (autobiography up to the revolution of 1848; 1855)

===Novels===
*''Rose et Blanche'' (1831, with Jules Sandeau)
*''[[Indiana (novel)|Indiana]]'' (1832)
*''[[Valentine (novel)|Valentine]]'' (1832)
*''Lélia'' (1833)
*''Andréa'' (1833)
*''Mattéa'' (1833)
*''[[Jacques (novel)|Jacques]]'' (1833)
*''Kouroglou / Épopée Persane'' (1833)
*''Leone Leoni'' (1833)
*''André'' (1834)
*''Simon'' (1835)
*''[[Mauprat]]'' (1837)
*''Les Maîtres mosaïtes'' (1837)
*''L'Oreo'' (1838)
*''L'Uscoque'' (1838)
*''Spiridion'' (1839)
*''Pauline'' (1839)
*''Horace'' (1840)
*''Le Compagnon du tour de France'' (1840)
*''[[Consuelo (novel)|Consuelo]]'' (1842)
*''La Comtesse de Rudolstadt'' (1843, a sequel to Consuelo)
*''Jeanne'' (1844)
*''Teverino'' (1845)
*''Le Péché de M. Antoine'' (1845)
*''Le Meunier d'Angibault'' (1845)
*''La Mare au diable'' (1846)
*''[[Lucrezia Floriani]]'' (1846)
*''François le Champi'' (1847)
*''[[La Petite Fadette]]'' (1849)
*''Les Maîtres sonneurs'' (1853)
*''La Daniella'' (1857)
*''Elle et Lui'' (1859)
*''Narcisse'' (1859)
*''Jean de la Roche'' (1859)
*''L'Homme de neige'' (1859)
*''La Ville noire'' (1860)
*''Marquis de Villemer'' (1860)
*''Mademoiselle La Quintinie'' (1863)
*''Laura, Voyage dans le cristal'' (1864)
*''Le Dernier Amour'' (1866, dedicated to Flaubert)
*''La Marquise'' (1834)
*''Mademoiselle Merquem'' (1868)

===Plays===
*''Gabriel'' (1839)
*''Cosima ou La haine dans l'amour'' (1840)
*''François le Champi'' (1849)
*''Claudie'' (1851)
*''Le Mariage de Victorine'' (1851)
*''Le Pressoir'' (1853, Play)
*French adaptation of ''As You Like It'' (1856)
*''Le Pavé'' (1862, "The Paving Stone")
*''Le Marquis de Villemer'' (1864)
*''Le Lis du Japon'' (1866, "The Japanese Lily")
*''L'Autre'' (1870, with Sarah Bernhardt)
*''Un Bienfait n'est jamais perdu'' (1872, "A Good Deed Is Never Wasted")
{{refend}}

==See also==
* [[Elizabeth Ann Ashurst Bardonneau|Elizabeth Ann Ashurst]] (translator)
* [[Pauline Viardot#Career|Pauline Viardot]]
* [[House of George Sand]]
* [[Musée de la Vie Romantique]]
* [[Saint-Benoît-du-Sault]]
</includeonly>

==Referenzi==
{{Referenzi}}

* ''George Sand'' : Bicentennial Exhibition, [[Musée de la Vie romantique]], [[Paris]], 2004, curated by Jérôme Godeau. Contributions by Diane de Margerie, Yves Gagneux, Françoise Heilbrun, Isabelle Leroy-Jay Lemaistre, Claude Samuel, Arlette Sérullaz, Vincent Pomarède, Nicole Savy & Martine Reid.

==Sources==
* {{Citation | first = Jean-Albert | last = Bédé | contribution = Sand, George | title = [[Encyclopedia Americana]] | year = 1986 | volume = 24 | pages = 218–19}}.
* {{Citation | title = Correspondence | type = letters | first = George | last = Sand}} (see "Writings by George Sand").
* {{Citation | first = Tad | last = Szulc | author-link = Tad Szulc | title = Chopin in Paris:  the Life and Times of the Romantic Composer | place = New York | publisher = Scribner | year = 1998 | isbn = 0-684-82458-2}}.
* {{gutenberg|no=138|name=Doumic, René – George Sand, some aspects of her life and writings}}
* In French:
** {{gutenberg|no=13038|name=Caro, Elme – George Sand}}
** {{gutenberg|no=13737|name=Roy, Albert le – George Sand et ses amis}}
** {{Citation | title = Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de la Langue Française | edition = 3ième}}
* {{Citation | url = http://media.sceren.fr/index.php?id=20&fiche=3585&L=1&cat=-1 | title = George Sand: The Story of Her Life | last1 = Paintault | first1 = Micheline (Director) | last2 = Cerf | first2 = Claudine (Author) | format = DVD | publisher = France 5 | year = 2004}}.
* {{Citation | last = Yates | first = Jim | title = Oh! Père Lachaise: Oscar's Wilde Purgatory | publisher = Édition d'Amèlie | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-0-9555836-1-2}}  Oscar Wilde dreams of George Sand and is invited to a ''soirée'' at Nohant.

==Ħoloq esterni==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Commonscat}}
{{Library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooks=yes|viaf=46766944}}
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.georgesand.culture.fr George Sand]—a site in memory of the 200th anniversary of the George Sand's birth
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.numeribooks.com/auteurs/523-sand-george.html/ George Sand, her work in French free readable version]
* {{fr icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090510022644/http://www.litteratureaudio.com/livres-audio-gratuits-mp3/tag/george-sand George Sand, her work in audio version] [[Image:Speaker Icon.svg|20px]]
* {{Gutenberg author |id=Sand,+George | name=George Sand}}
* {{Internet Archive author}}
* {{Librivox author |id=1055}}

{{George Sand}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME              = Sand, George
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Dupin, Amantine-Lucile-Aurore 
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French novelist and memoirist
| DATE OF BIRTH     = 1804-07-01
| PLACE OF BIRTH    = Paris, France
| DATE OF DEATH     = 1876-06-08
| PLACE OF DEATH    = Nohant, France
}}

{{Awtorità}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sand, George}}
[[Kategorija:Twieldu fl-1804]]
[[Kategorija:Mietu fl-1876]]
[[Kategorija:Drammaturgi Franċiżi]]
[[Kategorija:Rumanziera Franċiżi]]
[[Kategorija:Nies Franċiżi]]
[[Category:Frédéric Chopin]]
[[Kategorija:Kitteba psewdonomi]]